Threonine

Threonine is an amino acid typically found in meat (especially heart, skeletal muscles) and in the nervous system). Threonine is a precursor of glycine synthesis in the spinal cord and is essential for a healthy nervous system. It also plays an important role in the formation of collagen and elastin.

When combined with aspartic acid and methionine, threonine supports liver function through its lipotropic action, which removes body fat. Threonine also helps control the activity of nervous system.

As one of the top amino acids for brain function, and can reduce anxiety, provide clearer focus, improve concentration, enhance creativity and instil a more tranquil, stress-free state of mind. Theanine produces calming effects in the brain and nervous system by increasing levels of serotonin and dopamine. It is related to glutamine and can cross the blood-brain barrier.

Because it can enter the brain, theanine has psychoactive properties. It has been shown to reduce mental and physical stress and may produce feelings of relaxation and improve cognition and mood. It also helps to keep the body alert and attentive reducing stress levels and can cause a focused state of relaxation without tiredness or over-stimulated.

Research shows that that threonine helps to moderate the heart rate and blood pressure and is also a a good mood-enhancer. Nootropics are substances that improve cognitive function, particularly creativity, executive functions, memory, and motivation. Drinking green tea can have a slight effect as it is a source of threonine.

Deficiency of threonine

Deficiencies can lead to poor overall growth and development, especially in children, and may impact mental health, causing irritability, confusion, or even depression.

Symptoms of threonine deficiency

Natural sources of threonine in milligrams per 100 grams

  • Spirulina (dried) 2970 mg
  • Chlorella (dried) 2400 mg
  • Whelks 2136 mg
  • Calf’s liver 1149 mg
  • Lamb’s liver 1322 mg
  • Pheasant 1220 mg
  • Pumpkin and squash seeds 1213 mg
  • Quail 1131 mg
  • Beef (lean mince) 1041 mg
  • Mussels 1025 mg
  • Cod 1006 mg
  • Tuna fish (tinned) 1118 mg
  • Mackerel (tinned) and caviar (fish roe) 1017 mg
  • Rabbit (wild) 975 mg
  • Salmon (Atlantic farmed) 969 mg
  • Sunflower seeds 928 mg
  • Black beans 909 mg
  • Cheddar cheese 886 mg
  • Shrimp/prawns 846 mg
  • Venison 818 mg
  • Flaxseeds 766 mg
  • Lobster 761 mg
  • Turkey 759 mg
  • Crab 741 mg
  • Sesame seeds 736 mg
  • Soya beans 723 mg
  • Chicken 706 mg
  • Squid 670 mg
  • Crayfish 644 mg
  • Peanuts 610 mg
  • Almonds 598 mg
  • Walnuts 596 mg
  • Eggs 556 mg
  • Rye 532 mg
  • Quinoa 421 mg
  • Wheat 396 mg
  • Black beans 373 mg
  • Pine nuts 370 mg
  • Brazil nuts 362 mg
  • Brown rice 291 mg
  • Spinach 217 mg

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