Indoles are compounds produced by the decomposition of tryptophan in the human intestines, where they contribute to the peculiar odour of faeces. They are excreted in the urine in the form of indicant. They are also obtained from coal tar and indigo and are present in brassica vegetables.
Indoles and cancer
The effect of indoles on the immune systemise is anti-cancer, antioxidant and anti-atherogenic. They are associated with anti-cancer effects, particularly in hormone-related cancers like breast, prostate, and cervical cancers. Indoles may act directly on cancer cells or may influence the actions of immune cells inducing them to attack any abnormal cells. Indoles help in the cell response, natural killer cell (NK) activity and proliferation of immune cells. The immune system plays a vital role in controlling the growth of cancer cells, and modifications in the functioning of immune cells can hasten the spread of cancer.
Other health benefits of indoles
Other benefits include antimicrobial, antiviral, and immune-modulating activities, and potential roles in regulating metabolic disorders and supporting gut and cardiovascular health. They are also anti-inflammatory and possess neuroprotective properties.
Natural sources of indoles in alphabetical order
- Bok choy
- Broccoli
- Brussel sprouts
- Cabbage
- Cauliflower
- Chinese cabbage
- Collard greens
- Cress
- Daikon
- Horseradish
- Kale
- Kohlrabi
- Mizuna
- Mustard greens
- Radish
- Rapeseed
- Rocket
- Shepherd’s purse
- Swede
- Turnips
- Wasabi
- Watercress
Related subjects
- A-Z of nutrients
- Bacterial infections and natural antibiotics
- Brain and mental health disorders
- Cancer
- Fungal and yeast infections
- Heart disorders
- Immune system disorders
- Intestinal disorders
- Pain and inflammation
- Virus infections
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