Levodopa (L-dopa) is produced in the human body via biosynthesis from the amino acid tyrosine. It is converted to the neurotransmitters epinephrine (adrenaline), dopamine and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) by the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase in the brain. Levodopa, phenylalanine and tyrosine are precursors to the biological pigment melanin.
Synthetically made levadopa is used pharmacologically in patients with Parkinson’s disease to produce dopamine. It can cross the blood brain barrier and once in the brain, nerve cells convert it into dopamine, replacing the lost supply and restoring more normal nerve signalling for movement control. This can alleviate some symptoms but does not stop progression of Parkinson’s disease.
NOTE: Supplements that contain iron may interfere with the absorption of levodopa and reduce its effectiveness.
Side effects of natural or synthetic levadopa
- Changes in behaviour
- Confusion
- Diarrhoea
- Hallucinations
- Hypersexuality
- Involuntary movements (dyskinesias)
- Lowered blood pressure
- Nausea and vomiting
Some people can become addicted to levadopa and people with pre-existing neuropathy should avoid it because symptoms may worsen. The risk of intestinal tract bleeds increases in patients who already have a history of peptic ulcer disease.
NOTE: Natural or synthetic levadopa is a potent substance that should only be used under the supervision of a healthcare professional, especially for conditions like Parkinson’s disease.
Natural sources of levadopa
- Broad beans
- Chinese cinnamon (cassia bark)
- Velvet beans
Related subjects
- A-Z of nutrients
- Brain and mental health disorders
- Constipation and diarrhoea
- Parkinson’s disease
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