Coenzyme A is an enzyme most notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. It is the most active metabolic enzyme in the human body. It operates in the body’s cells and blood where it initiates hundreds of important processes. Coenzyme A participates in catabolic and anabolic reactions, including those involved in the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, ethanol, bile acids, and xenobiotics.
Coenzyme A deficiency
Coenzyme A is expended by the metabolic processes of the body and constantly needs replenishing. The body manufacture coenzyme A from adenine, alanine, cysteine, and vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid). A lack of any of these cofactors can cause a deficiency of this vital component.
A lack of coenzyme A or its derivatives can lead to a range of conditions, including various fatty acid oxidation disorders like VLCAD deficiency which can cause liver and heart disorders. It can also contribute to conditions such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases like Friedreich’s ataxia, and various types of myopathies.
Inherited coenzyme A deficiency
Medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is an inherited disorder that prevents the body from breaking down certain fats and turning them into energy. Metabolism involves the processes the body uses to produce energy. MCAD deficiency can cause problems with metabolism, seizures and liver damage.
Highest natural sources of the cofactors required for coenzyme A
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